Technology Used in Industrial Wastewater Treatment Systems

A mobile, containerized wastewater treatment plant is a fully equipped system for industrial wastewater treatment, with all necessary equipment pre-installed in standard ISO containers.

We are market leaders in manufacturing modular containerized solutions, with successfully completed projects worldwide and in various sectors. This innovative technology offers flexibility and efficiency, making it ideal for diverse needs and locations.

Advantages of Portable Wastewater Treatment Systems:

• Cutting-edge technology: Our mobile, containerized modules are manufactured according to strict environmental and quality policies, rigorously tested in the factory before delivery.
• Complete solution: We provide all the equipment needed for installation and commissioning, eliminating the need to work with multiple suppliers. This saves clients time and money.
• Guaranteed quality: Manufactured in the EU, our systems meet the highest quality standards and come with a 20-year warranty for new systems purchased directly from us.
• Climatic adaptability: Systems are designed to operate efficiently in any climatic zone, maximizing performance at every stage of the process.
• Easy transport: Containerized solutions can be easily transported anywhere in the world, whether by land or sea, and can be installed even in remote or hard-to-reach areas.
• Minimal infrastructure requirements: No complex planning or special constructions are needed. All that’s required is a solid base for container placement.
• Modularity and flexibility: Solutions are fully automated, plug-and-play, and can be adapted to meet specific requirements or regulations.
• Quick installation: Systems are delivered fully equipped and pre-installed, making them easy to connect to electrical networks, inlets, and outlets.
• Quick disassembly and easy relocation: They can be moved easily, offering maximum flexibility.
• Energy savings: The integrated energy-saving mode reduces operating costs.
• Soundproofing: Systems are designed to minimize noise during operation.
• Simple maintenance: Spare parts are common and easy to procure.
• Temporary solutions: They can be used as a temporary solution for an existing plant during modernization works or as a bypass.
• Custom solutions: Klarwin identifies the best options for each client, offering complete treatment plants or hybrid systems tailored to specific needs.
• Various application areas: Systems are designed for industrial wastewater treatment, sludge treatment for both small- and large-scale applications, including industries or businesses in isolated areas without access to a municipal sewer network.

These advantages make mobile systems an efficient, sustainable, and reliable solution for a wide range of applications.

PRIMARY PHYSICO-CHEMICAL TREATMENT

Mechanical pre-treatment of raw wastewater is carried out using screw screens. These screens remove large, inorganic particles from the water. If necessary, compact screens can be used to remove grease and/or sand (or other coarse aggregates). These mechanical screens can be mounted directly on the containerized treatment plant or integrated into the compact station system.

The inorganic waste collected by the screens is gathered and/or removed offsite for storage or further treatment. In smaller treatment plants, mechanical pre-treatment can be carried out using primary settling tanks.

These modules and processes allow for flexible adaptation of the offered solutions to meet the specific needs of each project, ensuring efficient and sustainable treatment.

DAF Unit (Dissolved Air Flotation)

DAF (Dissolved Air Flotation) is a modular unit designed to provide highly efficient treatment of any type of industrial wastewater. Using advanced technology, the DAF can achieve pollutant removal rates higher than those of established manufacturers.

Features and Benefits:

• High flexibility: The DAF solution can be applied in a wide range of wastewater treatment applications.
• Variable capacity: Available for volumes ranging from 1 m³/h to 250 m³/h, adaptable for projects of any size.
• Modularity: Containerized DAF solutions can be used as standalone systems or as pre-treatment stages in a complete treatment plant that integrates other processes.
• High efficiency:Our technology enables pollutant removal in a more efficient and sustainable manner.

The DAF unit represents an optimal solution for industrial wastewater treatment, offering excellent results and adaptability to the specific needs of each project.

Benefits of Containerized DAF Technology:

• High efficiencyin reducing COD/BOD5/FOG, with removal rates of up to 99%.
• Removal of fats, oils, and greases (FOG), ideal for the food and beverage industry.
• Patented self-cleaning design, eliminating the need for a mechanical scraper in many applications.
• Two-stage DAF, more efficient than standard single-stage DAF systems.
• Integrated pumping system for feeding.
• Integrated pH adjustment and flocculation system.
• Reduced chemical consumption compared to standard DAF systems.
• Made of polypropylene and high-density polyethylene, materials more resistant to liquids and chemicals than steel.
• Suitable for wastewater with high TSS levels.
• Fully automated operation.
• Standardized models, manufactured to the highest standards.
• Compact design with a smaller footprint than standard DAF systems.
• Anti-clogging saturation system.
• Produces pre-thickened floated sludge, optimized for sludge management.
• Easy maintenance due to simplified design.

This advanced technology offers a versatile, efficient and sustainable solution for a wide range of industrial applications.

pH adjustment in industrial wastewater is essential to prevent harmful effects on the environment and to comply with effluent discharge regulations. The pH must be maintained within the limits of 6.5-8.5, because:

• A pH that is too low (acidic) can corrode sewage infrastructure and treatment equipment.
• Too high a pH (alkaline) can negatively affect aquatic life and soil, disrupting ecosystems.
• pH regulation optimizes biological and chemical processes in wastewater treatment plants, ensuring efficient and safe treatment.
• Maintaining pH within these limits is a standard requirement in many international regulations on wastewater treatment and discharge.

This control is crucial to avoid legal penalties and protect the environment.

SECONDARY – BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT

Criteria for Choosing Biological Wastewater Treatment Technologies

The selection of appropriate treatment technologies for each specific application is based on the following main criteria:

1. Available Space/Area: The dimensions and location where the system will be installed are assessed.
2. Initial capital investment cost (CAPEX): Analyzing the investment required for purchase and installation.
3. Operating and maintenance cost (OPEX): Includes energy consumption, materials, and labor costs.
4. Treatment requirements: Compliance with NTPA 001/NTPA 002 standards or specifications for water reuse.
5. Specific requirements: Such as electrical power availability and requirements.
6. Consumption of chemical products: Evaluation of costs and quantities required for treatment processes.
7. The quantity and quality of the produced sludge: Analysis of the volume and management of the resulting sludge.
8. Operation and maintenance complexity: Identification of technical requirements for operation and maintenance.
9. Availability of labor force: The possibility of hiring qualified and well-trained technicians and operators.

These criteria are essential to select the technological solution that combines efficiency, sustainability and optimal costs, adapted to the needs of each project.

Fixed Bed Biological Reactor (FBBR)

The Fixed Bed Biological Reactor (FBBR) is a unique and high-performance process for biological wastewater treatment. It uses fixed bed modules, which can be applied for both:

• Autonomous biological treatment of municipal wastewater, as well as for
• Intensive biological treatment of pre-treated industrial wastewater.

Main features:

• Flexibility in use: Modules can be configured in series or parallel to handle flows from 10 m³/day to 5,000 m³/day.
• High efficiency: Designed to provide fast and sustainable biological treatment, regardless of the complexity of the wastewater being treated.
• Diverse applications: Ideal for communities, businesses, or industrial facilities requiring efficient and compact treatment.

FBBR represents an innovative, reliable and scalable solution, adapted for a wide range of applications in the field of wastewater treatment.

Fixed Bed Biological Reactor (FBBR) Technology

The Fixed Bed Biological Reactor (FBBR) uses a modified “fixed bed” process to achieve a high pollutant removal rate in an extremely compact space.

Main features:

• Optimized processes: Using special cascades and aeration sequences, the reactor biologically treats both municipal and industrial wastewater with high pollutant loads.
• Small footprint: The compact design makes this technology ideal for locations with limited space.
• Independent certification: FBBR technology is certified by PIA GmbH, one of the leading independent testing institutions for wastewater treatment.

This advanced solution combines high efficiency with reliability, delivering superior performance for a wide range of treatment applications.

Fixed Bed Biological Reactor (FBBR) is a high-rate biological treatment module based on a unique, highly flexible cascade process that can be applied in a wide range of biological wastewater treatment applications. Here are some of its key advantages:

Advantages of FBBR Technology:

• Recommended by major EU water associations for high-rate biological wastewater treatment.
• Suitable for industrial and municipal wastewater, being extremely versatile.
• Possibility of installation above or below ground.
• Low CAPEX, providing a cost-efficient initial investment.
• Plug & Play solutions, easy to install and configure.
• Suitable for fluctuating wastewater flows, including underload and overload.
• Lower OPEX than any other process technology, reducing operating and maintenance costs.
• Easy extensibility: the system can be expanded with additional modules to meet growing requirements.
• Automatic operation, possible with minimal training, reducing the need for specialized personnel.
• More compact footprint than other process technologies, saving valuable space.
• Quick installation and commissioning, without significant delays.
• High efficiency in pollutant removal, ensuring top-tier biological treatment.
• Mobile and easy to reposition, adaptable for location changes.
• Corrosion resistance of all module components, ensuring increased durability.
• Lower energy costs compared to MBBR and MBR technologies.
• No chemicals required for the treatment process.
• No odors generated during operation.
• The final effluent is suitable for reuse, contributing to resource savings and sustainability.

FBBR process technology:

Wastewater from the sewage system passes through a highly efficient biological treatment system, the process being fully automated to ensure consistent and high quality results. This is a reliable, efficient and highly adaptable system for various types of wastewater, making it an excellent choice for modern treatment solutions.

TERTIARY TREATMENT – WATER REUSE

Tertiary wastewater treatment represents the final stage of the treatment process, aiming to remove residual contaminants that were not eliminated during the primary and secondary stages. This advanced stage involves the use of technologies such as fine filtration, chemical and biological processes, advanced oxidation, and disinfection.

Tertiary treatment is essential for improving water quality before discharging it into the environment or reusing it in industrial and agricultural applications. Methods used include sand filtration, ultrafiltration membranes, reverse osmosis processes, or activated carbon for pollutant adsorption.

Disinfection of treated wastewater is often performed at this stage using UV rays, ozone, or chlorine to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms.

Tertiary treatment helps reduce nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, thereby preventing the eutrophication of natural waters. This stage is crucial in treating wastewater that contains persistent contaminants, such as heavy metals, volatile organic compounds, or pharmaceutical micropollutants.

Tertiary treatment is a flexible process and can be adapted according to specific water quality requirements imposed by local or national regulations. The integration of tertiary treatment allows the safe reuse of treated wastewater in irrigation, industrial processes, or even for replenishing groundwater reservoirs.

By applying tertiary treatment, treatment plants contribute to the protection of water resources, ecosystems, and the promotion of sustainable water management.

WATER REUSE

• Tertiary wastewater treatment represents the final stage of the treatment process and aims to remove residual contaminants such as nutrients, heavy metals, and micropollutants to meet water reuse standards.
• Reusing treated water is an important application of tertiary treatment, providing a safe water source for agricultural irrigation, industrial processes, and other non-potable uses.
• is an important application of tertiary treatment, providing a safe water source for agricultural irrigation, industrial processes, and other non-potable uses.
• Technological processes used in tertiary treatment, such as ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis, allow for obtaining high-quality treated water suitable even for sensitive industrial applications.
• In urban areas, treated water is frequently used for irrigating green spaces, parks, or golf courses, contributing to the conservation of potable water resources.
• Tertiary treatment can ensure the removal of pathogens and emerging pollutants, such as pharmaceuticals, through advanced processes like UV disinfection or chemical oxidation.
• In industry, treated water is reused for equipment cooling, car washes, or other applications that do not require potable water, thereby reducing costs and fresh water consumption.
• Aquifer recharge is another important use of treated water, helping to prevent the depletion of underground water reserves and combat salinization in coastal areas.
• In some cases, treated water undergoes additional pretreatment before reuse to completely eliminate risks associated with residual pollutants, thereby ensuring safety for sensitive uses.
• Reusing treated water after tertiary treatment supports sustainable water resource management, reducing pressure on natural resources and contributing to climate change adaptation.

DiOx is an AEOX process (advanced electro-oxidation). It is a cutting-edge technology that uses diamond-coated electrodes to oxidize a wide range of difficult-to-treat pollutants. These include persistent substances, PFAS, “forever-lasting” chemicals, inert COD, heavy metals, BTEX, spent caustic solutions, dyes, dioxins and other pollutants. With a modular and scalable design, it is ideal for treating low-volume wastewater with high levels of pollution.